Intracellular proteinacious inclusions are a central feature and major factor in pathogenesis of many of neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular chaperone network, which is a key mediator of protein folding in cells, has been manipulated to alleviate protein misfolding, inclusion formation and cell death in both in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegeneration. Current research is aimed at investigating the potential involvement of a neurone-specific chaperone Hsj1 in the process of neurodegeneration.