In earlier work the resonances of the 20 methyl groups in the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) had been identified in the 360-MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and most of the methyl lines had from spin-decoupling experiments been assigned to the different types of amino acid residues. The assignments to the different amino acid types were now completed by studies of the saturation transfer between the denatured and the globular forms of the inhibitor and by spin-decoupling experiments in nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) difference spectra. These distinguished between the methyl resonances of Ala and Thr. Furthermore, for most of the methyl resonances, individual assignments to specific residues in the amino acid sequence were obtained from measurements of intramolecular proton-proton NOE's, use of lanthanide NMR shift and relaxation probes, and comparative studies of various chemically modified forms of BPTI. These data provide the basis for individual assignments of the methyl 13C NMR lines in BPTI and for detailed investigations of the relations between the spatial structure of the protein and the chemical shifts of the methyl groups. The methyl groups in BPTI are of particular interest since they are located almost exclusively on the surface of the protein and thus represent potential natural NMR probes for studies of the protein-protein interactions in the complexes formed between BPTI and a variety of proteases. © 1978, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.