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Publication Detail
Typo-morphological Approach to
Housing Transformation in Tehran
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Publication Type:Thesis/Dissertation
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Authors:Shayesteh H
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Date awarded:2013
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Awarding institution:UCL (University College London)
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Language:English
Abstract
This study sets out to investigate the transformation of house types in relation to changes of
urban built forms. From the title it is clear that this study includes two major arguments. One
concerns housing transformation where the focal point is change. The other is typo-morphology,
which concerns the approach of the study to that change and the issues of type, typology and
morphology. The study looks at long term processes of change in housing types in Tehran in
chronological order to see how new house types are introduced or designed and built and how
traditional types have been transformed to become modern: why, how and by what means they
evolve and adapt to new needs and different circumstances. It addresses the transformation of
house types, as one dominant type of dwelling replaces another. Of course there are cultural
factors at work here, and the influences of architectural fashion. But there are also questions of
increases in density, rising land prices, the impact of growing car ownership, planning policy
and legislation. Ultimately this study tries to answer a core question: Was there something
necessary about the evolutionary process of housing in Tehran or given the present block sizes
in Tehran, could there be anything different from the current norms for built forms?
Using morphological analysis, more specifically plan analysis, the relationship between type of
house and built form of the fabric is explored and examined. The analysis is carried out at
residential level and at the scale of buildings, plots and blocks. The emphasis is on the built
forms and external envelopes of houses, more than the details of internal planning. The
particular focus of this study is the relationship of plot size and shape with house type and the
various ways of aggregating plots to create different urban built forms. The analysis is focused
therefore on questions of plot size and shape; pedestrian and vehicular access; natural lighting;
and the provision of open space around dwellings. The relationship between type of house and
built form is explored and examined using morphological analysis and by reference to the
‘archetypal building’ proposed by Steadman (2001). The sample areas are selected from three
boroughs of Tehran corresponding to important periods in its morphological transformation.
The analysis tries to bridge between three main themes shaping three chapters: planning,
geography and architecture (typo-morphology). Three phases of analysis are conducted at
different scales. The first phase is the impact of planning and legislation. The second phase is the
analysis of plot size and built form, first at the macro-scale of the three selected representative
boroughs and then in smaller areas within those boroughs for a more micro-scale analysis. The
third phase is the abstract analysis, which is the enumeration of geometrical/configurational
possibilities by sketching out the theoretical possibilities that plots could have. There then
follows a comparison of these with the actual plans observed in different areas. The study seeks
to provide data and develop an understanding of the influences of plot shape and dimension in
different parts of the city. It helps to understand the patterns of distribution of different plots
and house types in different periods of the city’s expansion. Finally, comparing and
synthesizing the results of analyses indicates other actual examples and scenarios that could
have happened, thereby showing how houses in Tehran could have changed differently in other
directions, and the fact that that is still a possibility.
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